Tuesday, December 27, 2011

New York Telephone Company Central Office: Great Neck Architect: Landmark Series

Architect: Unknown
Great Neck

Erected in 1929 The Telephone building is five bays wide, ten bays long, and two stories tall. Its plan is rectangular with a small open courtyard at the back of the building. Despite its low massing, a strong vertical emphasis created by its Art Deco features, including the pilaster-like projections that dominate the Barstow and Welwyn façades. Orange iron-spot brickwork is laid in geometric and stylized patterns typical of the Art Deco style, including chevron and zigzags. A transom with zigzag panes is over the front door (the door is not original). The original four-over-four steel double-hung windows are extant. The hipped copper roof is set back behind a parapet topped with stone copings. The gabled Art Deco dormers are situated over the receding surfaces of the central bays and underscore the style’s verticality. Low granite stairs lead to the main entrance.

Construction was completed in November 1929. The new building was designed to service Great Neck, Port Washington, Manhasset, and the Imperial central office districts. Lines and desks were installed about December 15, 1929. The business office opened to the public on April 28, 1930. Service was scheduled to begin May 19, 1930. The building included “a manual switchboard of the latest type with positions for thirty operators.” It also included office space for local staff and a public business office. The design was intended to allow for additions of up to six stories, and space at the back of the lot was meant for the erection of an annex when the growth of the community required an increase in service. Effort was made to ensure that the design conformed to the “high class residential character of Great Neck” and to preserve the trees on the site. The architectural firm of Vorhees, Gemelin and Walker designed many buildings for the New York Telephone Company during the late 1920s, and further research should be undertaken to determine if they designed this building as well.

Source: http://www.greatneckplaza.net/historic/vsurvey.php?p=telephone

29-35 North Station Plaza: Great Neck Architect: Landmark Series

Architect: Unknown
29-35 North Station Plaza, Great Neck
Two-part commercial buildings, originally constructed with stores at ground level and apartments above. This form is common in areas that developed along rail lines, and these buildings are immediately north of the train station. The LIRR was extended to Great Neck in 1860. According to a photograph in the collection of the VGNP, the ground floor shops were originally fronted by open porches. Over time, these were closed in to expand the useable commercial space. A deeply bracketed wooden cornice marks the flat roofline. The upper stories are sided with a wood shingles in a fishscale pattern. The second story of each building has a bay window at its eastern side. These have the effect of modulating the roofline. The corner building (No. 35) has a mansard roof on its projecting bay, giving the appearance of a tower at the corner. All these features can be seen in photographs of the building from the 1920s. The first story facades, however, have been drastically altered.

According to the 1900 census for Great Neck, the Robertson family was the owner of this property and made a living as merchants. A 1925 article in the North Hempstead Record reporting drastic increases in the value of commercial property described the sale of these buildings, owned by Albert Robertson, as well as of an adjoining two-story building to the west owned by his brother John (not extant). On the 1909 Sanborn Map, John’s building was used as an office and a bakery and Albert’s buildings, some of which were vacant, housed offices. The corner building, now No. 35, was vacant on the first floor, but its second floor was used as a lodge room. By 1919, the Sanborn Map shows that John’s building, which by then adjoined the Mayfair Playhouse on the other side, was all offices. Albert’s buildings housed the post office (at what is now No. 29), a printing press, and a cigar store. The Red Cross was located on the first floor of what is now No. 35, and the lodge room remained on the second floor. The 1925 NHR article described the sale of Albert’s buildings to Herman Stuetzer for $8,000 and of John’s building to Joseph Homann for $75,000. Stuetzer and Homann were local businessmen. At the time of the sale, John’s building included a real estate office and an A&P grocery store, and Nos. 29-35 housed merchants at the ground floor—Morris Minkin, a tailor; Alfred Wohlk, a painter and decorator; and B. Komarek, a cobbler—and apartments above. The corner building was occupied by a lunch room on the first floor and by a Christian Science Reading Room on the second floor. The Robertson brothers must have been the original owners of these buildings, as the NHR reported that the property “had never before been offered for sale.” Interestingly, the article also indicated that Homann and Stuetzer had immediately resold their holdings to a “corporation at a tremendous advance in price.” By the time the Sanborn Map was drawn again in 1926, most of the commercial properties were vacant. For many years No. 35 (now Dunkin Donuts) was owned by Jack Brooks, who operated a restaurant and bar known as Brooks’ Club Tavern. In the 1930s, Brooks’ served a “Sunday Hunt Breakfast” at 1 pm. The club tavern’s logo is visible in the building’s stained-glass window. The first building in Albert’s block, what would now be No. 27, has been replaced by a more modern structure.

Source: http://www.greatneckplaza.net/historic/vsurvey.php?p=29station

St. Paul’s Episcopal Church: Great Neck Architect: Landmark Series

Architect: Mann & MacNeille (Manhattan)
68 Grace Avenue, Great Neck

Erected in 1924 Long, rectangular, horizontally oriented stucco church of eight bays with varied roofline. The roof is covered in multi-colored, rough-cut slate shingles of varying size and thickness. The roof’s picturesque irregularity makes it appear bowed and older than it is. A copper steeple is on the roof ridge at the east elevation. A bell cote and bell are mounted on the roof at the northern elevation adjacent to the front-facing gable. There are two entrances on the north elevation. The eastern entrance is through a steeply pitched, two-bay, front-facing gable (echoed in the façade of the Parish House). The entry is through a lancet arch. A tiny narrow window is at the top of the gable. This entrance leads directly to the sacristy, and is presumably reserved for the priests. The primary public entrance is at the western end of the north elevation through a rounded entry porch on a flagstone terrace. Slate steps and iron railings lead to the porch. The porch is covered with a hipped roof and supported by gracefully carved arcuated wooden supports. Under this porch is a wood and glass vestibule topped with crenellated molding. A heavy lancet-arch batten door with iron strapwork is accessed through the vestibule. The small lancet windows on this elevation are grouped in four pairs and have stone sills.


The dominant gable at the east elevation features one large tripartite round-arched window and two small lancet windows. The dominant gable wall at the west elevation (on Chapel Place) has a fieldstone rubble base topped by stucco with random fieldstone rubble insets. A stone cross is affixed at the peak of this gable and its principal feature is the configuration of tall narrow lancet windows of stained glass which give the appearance of one large window. A smaller gabled entrance is to the side of this elevation, through a lancet-arch batten door with iron strapwork. The south elevation is relatively plain in design, with three pairs of lancet windows, as well as two basement-level entrances (one through a glass-and-wood vestibule) and seven larger basement windows.


According to a 1993 article in the Great Neck Record, this lot was the former site of a turntable for the railroad, which was operated manually to turn trains around.
St. Paul’s Church was formed in 1921, when the Rev. Kirkland Huske of All Saints Church at 855 Middle Neck Road (built 1886) started a fundraising effort among his wealthy parishioners to build a mission chapel. Huske wanted to serve the growing population in the vicinity of Great Neck station, which at the time was mostly made up of working-class people. Among the parishioners pledging money to the chapel fund were Henri Bendel and Walter P. Chrysler, as well as the Grace, Barstow, and Allen families. Another donor was Walter Wood Parsons, a prominent resident of Great Neck, Wall Street attorney, and All Saints’ vestryman who headed up the Chapel Building Committee. Parsons’ house in Great Neck had been designed by the architects Mann & MacNeille ca. 1910. Mann & MacNeille designed St. Paul’s Church, and presumably Parsons was the link. The design for St. Paul’s was based on a church in York, England, and a stone from that church was placed in the sanctuary at St. Paul’s. Bullen Brothers of Great Neck were the builders. St. Paul’s, then known as All Saints Chapel, was completed in March of 1924 and consecrated on May 20, 1927. In 1956, the church ordered the three tall lancet windows in the west elevation from Whitefriars Stained Glass Studios in Middlesex, England. The windows were shipped to Great Neck on the Queen Mary in 1958. Whitefriars Studios also designed and created some of the smaller stained glass memorial windows in the church. Reverend William Grime was installed as vicar at All Saints Chapel in 1924 and made rector in 1929 when All Saints Chapel was made an independent church and was renamed St. Paul’s. Rev. Grime served as the rector until he retired in 1958. Father John Mulryan is the current vicar. Presently the congregation numbers 125, down from a high of 500 in the mid-1930s. The church shares its worship space with a Syrian Orthodox congregation and rents out space in the Parish House to several community groups.
Source: http://www.greatneckplaza.net/historic/vsurvey.php?p=spchurch

Long Island Rail Road- Great Neck Station: Great Neck Architect: Landmark Series

Architect: Unknown
Great Neck Station, Great Neck
Erected in 1924 The station stop is a red brick building with a one-and-a-half-story center section flanked by two one-story wings. One of the side wings is open and one is enclosed. Rustic wooden pillars support the open wing. The eaves of the center section are bracketed. The roof of the central section has three shed dormers on its south slope and six shed dormers on its north slope. Windows are double-hung aluminum sash with brick lintels and stone sills. A concrete pedestrian bridge connects South Station and North Station Plazas. A small, two-story tower at the south of the station is faced with red brick and has a hipped roof. The steeply pitched roof that flares at the eaves and the shed dormers are Dutch Colonial features. The café extension was added after World War II. In recent years the original slate roof was replaced.


In 1866 the rail line ended at Great Neck. By 1869, the stop was called Brookdale, and then named Great Neck Station in1872. During the 1890s it was referred to as Thomaston, and in 1898 the line was extended to Port Washington. In 1903 the station was renamed Great Neck. A wood-frame station stop was built in 1883, renovated on 1893, and replaced with the present station in 1924. A New York Times article from July 1924 asked for bids on new station buildings in Great Neck and Manhasset, with construction scheduled to be completed by November 1, 1924. A Times article dated March 8, 1925 announced the opening of the station. In 1935 the tracks were lowered to eliminate the grade crossing, and the pedestrian bridge and bridge along Middle Neck Road were constructed with the help of the William Barstow family.

Source: http://www.greatneckplaza.net/historic/vsurvey.php?p=lirr

Post Office: Great Neck Architect: Landmark Series

Architects: William Dewey Foster and Louis Simon
1 Welwyn Road, Great Neck

Erected in 1939 this building was a WPA project. The eagle bas-relief is by sculptor Gaetano Cecere. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989. The symmetrical design makes the most of the triangular lot at the intersection of Welwyn Road and Shoreward Drive. The building is faced with large, smooth, ashlar limestone panels. Semi-circular granite steps lead to the front entry. Six square columns support a monumental semi-circular entry portico at the west elevation. Four of the columns are freestanding and two are engaged at the façade. The entablature is inscribed “United States Post Office.” The front entry is topped with a bas-relief of an eagle and stars and the inscription “Great Neck, New York.” An inscription in the west elevation to the left of the door lists the date of construction and the architects’ names. The side elevations are dominated by seven full-height, double-hung windows. Two identical windows flank the portico. Two decorative concrete grilles cover square openings above and on either side of the door. A simple projecting stone cornice rims the building. According to architectural historian Carole Rifkind in A Field Guide to Contemporary American Architecture, the combination of monumentality and sleekness exemplifies the Stripped Classic style common to public buildings in the 1930s and early 1940s. In 1975 the loading platform at the rear of the building was extended and a canopy was installed over the dock.




Source: http://www.greatneckplaza.net/historic/vsurvey.php?p=postoffice

Tuesday, December 20, 2011

Chase Manhattan Bank: Great Neck Architect: Landmark Series

Architect: Benjamin Thompson and Paul Dietrich
22 Grace Avenue, Great Neck
Erected in 1961 This low white, rectangular structure has a "waffle" style roof supported by 16 concrete columns. The building evokes a modernist classicism. Transparent walls of gray glass alternate with freestanding solid walls of water-struck brick. Clerestory windows framed in bronze and tinted gray surround the main banking room. A drive-in teller service is located at the south elevation. The exterior roof forms the interior ceiling. Four interior columns mirror those on the exterior and create a large open central banking area with enclosed spaces on the perimeter for offices and conference rooms.

A gas station on this site was demolished to create the parking lot for the bank. This was the first suburban Chase branch in all of Nassau County. It was built due to the result of the 1961 Omnibus Banking Act of the New York State Legislature, which allowed New York City banks to open offices in Nassau and Westchester counties. Chase wanted a test branch to plan the building of future branch buildings, and to market its image as the modern institution and sponsor of "the best in modern architecture".
Source: http://www.greatneckplaza.net/historic/survey.php?p=landmarks

Monday, December 19, 2011

New York City Tech Campus: Great Neck Architect: Special Edition

Architect: SOM (Skidmore, Owings, & Merrill)
Landscaping:James Corner Field Operations

After a year long of competition Mayor Bloomberg has finally announced that Cornell will be the one to help bring forward one of the greatest campuses to be seen. This historic partnership of Cornell and Technion-Israel Institute of Technology will be building a two-million-square-foot applied science and technology campus on Roosevelt Island. The Campus is planned to be a sustainable landmark. Powered by the sun, the ten acre campus is going to be the largest solar powered building in New York City, with four acres of geothermal wells, and 500,000 square-feet of open green space for the publics use and enjoyment. If the campus were built today, the campus's 150,000 square-foot main academic building would be the largest net-zero energy building in the eastern United States.

The LEED Platinum core educational building will be the home for Cornell and Technion, Israel Institute of Technology partnership. The high performance building envelope maximizes daylight, employs demand-controlled ventilation, and will be built with recycled material. All other campus buildings must achieve a LEED Silver minimum and will house residences for faculty, staff and graduate students, a public atria and corporate space.The campus’s solar array will be three times larger than the biggest current solar array in New York City, generating 1.8 megawatts at daily peak. The four-acre geothermal field is composed of 500 foot wells that take advantage of the Earths internal, thermal power in order to provide the necessary heating and cooling for the campus. Electrical power will also be produced from a fuel cell, further relieving dependence from the grid.The Tech Campus will include elements to treat storm water and create community gardens. “Green” landscape concepts include rain gardens and bioswales, green walls and roofs, and reforestation that will create a new, small urban forest. The 500,000 square-feet of proposed green space aspires to become one of New York City’s largest public green space, sharing stellar campus views of Manhattan and Queens waterfronts. The beginning stages of the proposed campus will require a quarter of the electricity from the grid, emit half of the greenhouse gas, and require less than half the fossil fuel to power, heat and cool than a comparable conventional campus that meets current energy codes.



Sources:
http://nycedc.tumblr.com/post/14470840580/mayor-bloomberg-cornell-and-the-technion-announce#.Tu-vwyLaFmA.email
http://www.archdaily.com/179136/cornells-nyc-tech-campus-drives-towards-net-zero-energy-som/

Thursday, December 15, 2011

1-3 Bond Street: Great Neck Architect: Landmark Series

Architect: Casella Construction Corporation
1-3 Bond Street, Great Neck
Description: A plain one-story structure that contains two enterprises: Anton Jewelers, a local business in operation in Great Neck since approximately the 1930s. Located in the other part of the structure at the corner of Bond Street and N. Station Plaza is a florist.

Historical information: This building replaced an earlier store originally designed in 1947 by Julius Fishkind. The structure originally had 2-stories with plate glass windows, a decorative gable roof with an oculus window. The building had burned down in 1979.

Source: Village of Great Neck Plaza building department records.

11 Middle Neck Rd: Great Neck Architects: Landmark Series

Architect: James O’Conner
11 Middle Neck Road, Great Neck

Description: Modified “L”-shaped, three-story, red brick building with elaborate hipped roof. An octagonal tower at the west elevation has a steeply pitched, conical roof and a frieze of yellow brick. The south and west elevations have large hip-on-gable dormers, smaller hipped dormers, and a cross-gable with a round window in the peak. The south elevation has an additional shed dormer. Windows in the gabled bays appear in multiples. All windows have been replaced. The storefronts have been refaced.

Historical information: The building is significant for its association with the Grace family. This building was restored (at the upper stories) in 1977 and placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978, as well as being designated a local landmark by the VGNP the same year

Source: http://www.greatneckplaza.net/historic/vsurvey.php?p=11middleneck

8 Bond Street: Great Neck Architect: Landmark Series

Architect: James O’Conner
8 Bond Street, Great Neck
Description: Multi-colored glazed brick building of symmetrical design. Two-gable-ended dormers with heavy molded lintels. Center bay of each half accented by paired, arched windows.
Historical Information: This building was restored in 1977 and placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978, the same year it was designated a local landmark by the VGNP. The W.R. Grace family ran their dealings in local real estate from this site making the site significant for its association with the Grace family

Source: http://www.greatneckplaza.net/historic/vsurvey.php?p=8bond

Community Church: Great Neck Architect Landmark Series

Architects: Frederick Ackerman (1924 section), Alfred Hopkins
(1955 section)
Great Neck Community Church
Community House: The rectangular eastern wing projects out to the property line and is facing towards the side of the lot, instead of towards Stoner Avenue, as the church is. Originally it would have faced onto Bond Street, since it was made before the church. There are two classical entrances on the principal façade at the west elevation. The first, which is closer to Stoner Avenue, features a fanlight and sidelights around a paneled double door. The second, and most often used, entrance is towards the back of the lot and is marked by pilasters supporting a large entablature. Windows are double-hung wood sash, nine-over-nine on the first story and six-over-six on the second-story. First-floor windows have voussoir brick lintels with stone keystones; all windows have stone sills. The 1936 Sanborn Map shows that the building includes a balcony, auditorium, and stage.

Community Church: The western wing has a triangular pediment on the front-facing gable roof. The pediment is decorated with a formée cross in a circular panel. Six brick pilasters with stone capitals divide the front elevation symmetrically; seven identical pilasters are applied to the side elevations. A curved entry porch is supported by classical columns and topped by a Palladian window. Additional simple entries flank the porch. The roof is crowned with a cupola with louvered openings that serves as a belfry. A large, but plain molded cornice encircles the building. End bays of the side elevations each have four six-over-six double-hung wood windows. Four full-height, round-headed, double-hung 15/20 windows with fanlight transoms highlight the nave on each side.

Historical information: According to the Book of Great Neck, the Community Church was organized in May of 1914 as part of a movement based on a “spiritual ideal of Christian cooperation that cuts across former conceptions of denominational expressions of Christianity, which have resulted in over two hundred varieties of Protestant Churches.” The Community Church was open to all, and was intended as a community gathering place. In 1936, there were four bowling alleys in the building open to any group for recreation.

The cornerstone of the Community House is marked 1924, and for the Community Church it is marked 1950. The main sanctuary in the Community Church was completed in 1955. The 1919 Sanborn Map shows a “Community Church” at the northwestern corner of Maple Drive and Middle Neck Road. On the 1926 Sanborn, the building at Maple Drive and Middle Neck Road is marked “Masonic Temple” and the Community House is shown at its present location.

Alterations were made to the building in 1959, including new exits in the eastern wing, to bring it into compliance with the fire code.

Keeping with its original mission to serve the community, this building is currently being used by three congregations, including the Community Church, Corner Stone Church of Overseas Chinese Missions, and Temple Isaiah.

Source:http://www.greatneckplaza.net/historic/vsurvey.php?p=cchurch